How to choose the compressor type of cold storage according to the scale and temperature demand of cold storage?

　　In the refrigeration system of cold storage, the compressor is the heart component, and its selection directly affects the refrigeration efficiency, operating cost and stability of cold storage. At present, the mainstream cold storage compressors are mainly divided into three types: piston, screw and scroll. There are obvious differences in structure and performance among them, so it is necessary to make scientific selection according to the scale and temperature demand of cold storage.

　　From the dimension of cold storage scale, small cold storage with a storage capacity of less than 500 cubic meters is more suitable for scroll and piston compressors. Scroll compressor adopts the meshing compression of static scroll and dynamic scroll, which has the advantages of small volume, low noise, small vibration and high energy efficiency. It is suitable for small food fresh-keeping warehouses, medical cold storage and other scenes, and the refrigeration capacity of a single machine covers 3-30kW, which can meet the requirements of continuous operation with small load. Piston compressors are characterized by simple structure, low cost and convenient maintenance.

　　Medium-sized cold storage should give consideration to both cooling capacity and stability, and piston and screw compressors can be used as alternatives. For medium-temperature cold storage with low temperature fluctuation requirements, such as fruit and vegetable storage, multiple piston compressors are used to run in parallel, and the cooling capacity can be adjusted by starting and stopping the number of compressors, with strong flexibility. The cooling capacity of a single piston machine can reach 50kW, and the parallel connection of multiple units can cover the load of 100-300kW. If the cold storage needs long-term stable operation, such as the meat freezing processing warehouse, the temperature is below -25℃, and the screw compressor is better. It adopts the rotor meshing compression technology and has no reciprocating parts, so the failure rate is lower.

　　Screw compressor is usually used in large cold storage and ultra-low temperature scenes such as -40℃, such as quick freezing warehouse and biological sample warehouse. The cooling load of large-scale cold storage usually exceeds 300kW. Screw compressors can meet the demand by connecting multiple units in series or in parallel, and their compression efficiency increases with the increase of load. When running at full load, the COP value is 15%-20% higher than that of piston, which can obviously reduce the energy consumption cost of large-scale cold storage. For the ultra-low temperature demand, the screw compressor can be matched with a two-stage compression system, and the refrigeration temperature range can be improved by two-stage compression, so that the output of cooling capacity can still be stable below -40℃, while the piston and scroll compressor are limited by the compression ratio, so it is not easy to meet the ultra-low temperature demand. ​

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