Precautions for cold storage construction, how to build an energy-saving cold storage?

　　Building an energy-saving cold storage requires comprehensive consideration from many aspects such as planning, design, material selection, equipment selection and operation management. First of all, in the planning and design stage, it is necessary to reasonably select the site and layout, avoid direct sunlight and high temperature areas, give priority to well-ventilated locations, and reduce environmental heat load. According to the type of goods, refrigeration, freezing, and quick freezing are divided into zones to avoid waste of cold capacity. Optimize the layout of shelves in the warehouse to ensure smooth air circulation, and use air ducts or cold air blowers for reasonable distribution.

　　Storage structure and insulation design: The insulation material should be a low thermal conductivity material such as high-density polyurethane or extruded polystyrene, and the thickness should be determined according to the warehouse temperature requirements. For example, the thickness of the insulation layer of a 18℃ freezer is recommended to be ≥150mm. Moisture-proof vapor barrier layer Moisture-proof film such as aluminum foil or PE film is set on the inside and outside of the insulation layer to prevent water vapor penetration and cause insulation failure. The ground insulation adopts an anti-freeze expansion design, and the bottom layer is laid with an insulation layer and waterproof treatment.

The design of the warehouse door uses electric sliding doors or fast rolling doors to reduce the door opening time. The door side is equipped with air curtains or PVC door curtains to isolate the heat exchange. The door opening size is optimized according to the forklift and pallet of the cargo transportation tools to avoid the loss of cold due to excessive size.

Optimize the refrigeration system, select the refrigeration unit, use variable frequency compressors or parallel units, dynamically adjust the refrigeration capacity according to the load, reduce energy consumption, and reasonably configure the evaporator cooler and condenser to ensure heat exchange efficiency. Intelligent control, install temperature and humidity sensors, and the linkage control system automatically adjusts the refrigeration capacity and defrosting cycle. Use Internet of Things technology for remote monitoring, optimize the operating parameters in real time, and select electric defrosting, hot air defrosting or water defrosting according to the humidity in the warehouse to reduce ineffective energy consumption. Optimize the defrosting frequency and time to avoid excessive frost affecting the heat exchange efficiency.

Lighting uses LED cold storage special lighting, combined with human body induction switches to reduce lighting energy consumption. Handling equipment such as forklifts should use electric models as much as possible to reduce heat generation in the warehouse. Design pre-cooling and buffer rooms for items, set up pre-cooling rooms or buffer channels to avoid temperature fluctuations caused by direct storage of high-temperature goods. Pre-cool the goods to a temperature close to the storage temperature before storage to reduce the refrigeration load. After the cold storage is completed, regular maintenance and management should be carried out, clean the evaporator and condenser fins, check the refrigerant charge, and ensure the operation of the system. Repair the insulation layer damage in time and seal the cold spots in the door gap.